Digital twin aided massive MIMO: CSI compression and feedback

Published at IEEE ICC 2024

Shuaifeng Jiang and Ahmed Alkhateeb

Wireless Intelligence Lab, Arizona State University, USA

Fig. 1. This figure shows the key idea of utilizing a digital twin to train the DL CSI model. A small amount of real-world data can then be used to compensate
for the mismatch between the digital twin and real-world CSI data, and refine the DL model to achieve higher performance.

Abstract

Deep learning (DL) approaches have demonstrated high performance in compressing and reconstructing the channel state information (CSI) and reducing the CSI feedback overhead in massive MIMO systems. One key challenge, however, with the DL approaches is the demand for extensive training data. Collecting this real-world CSI data incurs significant overhead that hinders the DL approaches from scaling to a large number of communication sites. To address this challenge, we propose a novel direction that utilizes site-specific digital twins to aid the training of DL models. The proposed digital twin approach generates site-specific synthetic CSI data from the EM 3D model and ray tracing, which can then be used to train the DL model without real-world data collection. To further improve the performance, we adopt online data selection to refine the DL model training with a small real-world CSI dataset. Results show that a DL model trained solely on the digital twin data can achieve high performance when tested in a real-world deployment. Further, leveraging domain adaptation techniques, the proposed approach requires orders of magnitude less real-world data to approach the same performance of the model trained completely on a real-world CSI dataset.

Simulation Results

Fig. 2. This figure shows the NMSE performance of the direct generalization and three model refinement approaches. All NMSE performance is evaluated
on the target data unseen in the training and refining.

Citation

If you want to use the dataset or scripts in this page, please cite the following paper:

Jiang, Shuaifeng, and Ahmed Alkhateeb, ‘Digital twin aided massive MIMO: CSI compression and feedback’, IEEE ICC, 2024.

@article{jiang2024digital,
title={Digital twin aided massive MIMO: CSI compression and feedback},
author={Jiang, Shuaifeng and Alkhateeb, Ahmed},
year={2024},
url={https://arxiv.org/abs/2402.19434},
}